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scum
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音标：英 [skʌm] 美 [skʌm]
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解释：
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n. 浮渣；泡沫；糟粕
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vi. 产生泡沫；被浮渣覆盖
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vt. 将浮渣去除掉
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助记提示：
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1. skim scum.
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2. sky "cover" => scum.
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3. scum is etymologically a 'layer on top' of something.
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4. 区别：scrum, scum: 有花儿就会为花儿而争抢、扭打，没花儿就是垃圾、废物、浮渣。
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中文词源：
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scum 浮垢，浮渣，渣滓，败类来自中古英语 scum,泡沫，浮渣，来自 Proto-Germanic*skumaz,覆盖，隐藏，来自 PIE*skeu, 覆盖，隐藏，词源同 hide,skim.引申比喻义渣滓，败类等。
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英文词源：
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scum
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scum: [13] Scum is etymologically a ‘layer on top’ of something. The word’s modern connotations of ‘dirt’ are a secondary development. It comes ultimately from prehistoric Germanic *skūman, a derivative of the base *skū- ‘cover’, and its relatives include German schaum ‘foam’ (source of English meerschaum [18], literally ‘sea-foam’).
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English scum originally meant ‘foam’ too (‘Those small white Fish to Venus consecrated, though without Venus’ aid they be created of th’ Ocean scum’, Joshua Sylvester, Divine Weeks and Works of Du Bartas 1598), the notion being of a layer of froth ‘covering’ liquid, but by the 15th century it was broadening out to any ‘film on top of liquid’, and from there it went downhill to a ‘film of dirt’ and then simply ‘dirt’.
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Germanic *skūman was borrowed into Old French as escume, and this formed the basis of a verb escumer ‘remove the top layer’, from which English gets skim [15].
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=> meerschaum, skim
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scum (n.)
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early 14c. (implied in scummer "shallow ladle for removing scum"), from Middle Dutch schume "foam, froth," from Proto-Germanic *skuma- (cognates: Old Norse skum, Old High German scum, German Schaum "foam, froth"), perhaps from PIE root *(s)keu- "to cover, conceal" (see hide (n.1)).
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Sense deteriorated from "thin layer atop liquid" to "film of dirt," then just "dirt." Meaning "lowest class of humanity" is 1580s; scum of the Earth is from 1712. Adopted in Romanic (Old French escume, Modern French écume, Spanish escuma, Italian schiuma).
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双语例句：
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1. Someone had scrawled "Scum" on his car.
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有人在他的车上涂写了“人渣”的字样。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. Skim off any scum.
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撇净浮沫。
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来自《权威词典》
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3. Skim the scum off the jam and let it cool.
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撇去果酱上的浮沫，让它冷却。
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来自《权威词典》
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4. There is a ring of scum in the washbasin.
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这个脸盆内有一圈污垢.
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来自《简明英汉词典》
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5. There was green scum over the pond.
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池塘水面有绿色的浮藻.
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来自《简明英汉词典》
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更多相关例句：
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Skim off any scum.
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撇净浮沫。【牛津词典】
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stinking water covered by a thick green scum
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盖着厚厚一层绿色浮垢的臭水【牛津词典】
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Don't waste your sympathy on scum like that.
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对这样的渣滓你没必要同情。【牛津词典】
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Drug dealers are the scum of the earth (= the worst people there are) .
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毒品贩子是社会渣滓。【牛津词典】
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scummy water
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有浮垢的水【牛津词典】
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scummy people dropping litter
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不讲公德、乱丢杂物的人【牛津词典】
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...scum marks around the bath.
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浴缸周围的浮垢痕迹【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Not a word on why Scum could nt break us down.
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别把斯卡姆打不到我们的原因说出去.【期刊摘选】
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Mix it with salt as a great soap scum cleaner.
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和盐混合可以制成很好的泡沫清洁剂.【期刊摘选】
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Deal with you? I think not. Leave, before I call the Watch, scum!
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跟你交易? 我不想. 走开, 在我叫卫兵之前, 渣滓!【期刊摘选】
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Toxic cyanobacteria, commonly referred to as pond scum , turned the big lake fluorescent green.
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有毒蓝藻, 通常也被称为绿藻,使太湖整个湖体成为荧光绿色.【期刊摘选】
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I think you are filth. I think you are scum.
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我觉得你是个脏东西. 我觉得你是个流氓.【期刊摘选】
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There is a ring of scum in the washbasin.
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这个脸盆内有一圈污垢.【《简明英汉词典》】
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Why do they all treat me like scum?
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为什么他们都象对待人渣一样对待我?【电影对白】
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Why do not you get lost? You filthy scum!
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你这个没用的东西,为什么不离我远一点?【期刊摘选】
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I was going to help the scum, as I so compassionately call them now.
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我想去帮助那些社会上无助的人, 我现在还是这样同情的称呼他们.【电影对白】
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To top it off, that filthy scum is my father.
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除此以外, 那个人渣还是我父亲.【期刊摘选】
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There was green scum over the pond.
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池塘水面有绿色的浮藻.【《简明英汉词典》】
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The addition of the lime may cause a scum to rise to the top the oil.
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增补的石灰可能导致败类上升到顶部的石油.若确实如此,脱脂它关闭与木汤匙.【期刊摘选】
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In the morning you'll be shipped out with the rest of the scum.
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早晨你就会和别的社会渣滓一起运走了.【辞典例句】
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She treats smokers like the scum of the earth , ie as the worst people there are.
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她把吸烟的人都当作败类.【辞典例句】
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I told him she was fucking that hippie scum!
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我告诉他她正在和一个流氓乱搞!【电影对白】
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Daniel Kammen : A variety of algae, actually the common pond scum to various plants cell walls.
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丹尼尔·科曼: 这里的各种藻类其实是指一般的绿藻类植物.【期刊摘选】
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Get the scum of the streets, because you're too slow.
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干掉街上的渣滓, 因为你太慢了.【电影对白】
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Alright the two scum call what?
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好吧那两个杂碎叫什么?【期刊摘选】
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I think you are scum.
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我觉得你是个流氓.【期刊摘选】
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Once the foam or scum appear, sensitive emulsion you can no longer be used.
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一旦泡沫或浮渣呈现, 感光乳剂不离不克不及再用了.【期刊摘选】
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You won't hurlaway on such a scum, will you?
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你不想和这样的败类结交吧?【期刊摘选】
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