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preliminary
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音标：英 [prɪ'lɪmɪn(ə)rɪ] 美 [prɪ'lɪmɪnɛri]
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解释：
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n. 准备；预赛；初步措施
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adj. 初步的；开始的；预备的
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助记提示：
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limen开始,门槛,阈限。 preliminary预备的。 pre-在……之前,-ary的。 preliminary即在开始之前的.
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中文词源：
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preliminary 初步的，初期的pre-,在前，早于，-limin,界限，门槛，开端，词源同limit.引申词义初步的，初期的。
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英文词源：
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preliminary (adj.)
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1660s, from French préliminaire and directly from Medieval Latin praeliminaris, from Latin prae- "before" (see pre-) + limen (genitive liminis) "threshold" (see limit (n.)). A word that arose in reference to negotiations to end the Thirty Years' War. Earliest attested form in English is preliminaries (n.), 1650s.
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双语例句：
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1. The winner of each preliminary goes through to the final.
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每场初赛的获胜者进入决赛。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. We have had several preliminary sittings in various poses.
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我们进行了几次预拍摄，摆了各种不同的造型。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. Preliminary results show the Republican party with 11 percent of the vote.
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初步结果显示共和党获得了11%的选票。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. A background check is normally a preliminary to a presidential appointment.
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总统任命前通常要进行背景审查的准备工作。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. Our preliminary results suggest that people do subjectively find the speech clearer.
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我们的初步结果显示，人们的确在主观上感觉演讲表达得更清晰明了了。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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After a few preliminary remarks he announced the winners.
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说了几句开场白之后，他即宣布优胜者名单。【牛津词典】
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preliminary results/findings/enquiries
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初步结果 / 发现 / 调查【牛津词典】
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the preliminary rounds of the contest
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预赛【牛津词典】
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pilot studies preliminary to a full-scale study
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全面进行研究前的试验性研究【牛津词典】
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Research will be needed as a preliminary to taking a decision.
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作出决定之前需要进行研究。【牛津词典】
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I'll skip the usual preliminaries and come straight to the point.
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闲话少说，我就直接进入正题。【牛津词典】
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England was lucky to get through the preliminaries (= the preliminary stages in a sports competition) .
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英格兰队幸运地通过了预选赛。【牛津词典】
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Preliminary results show the Republican party with 11 percent of the vote...
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初步结果显示共和党获得了11%的选票。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Preliminary talks on the future of the bases began yesterday.
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昨天开始了关于基地未来的初步讨论。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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It had taken about ten minutes to cover the preliminaries...
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准备工作大概花了10分钟。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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A background check is normally a preliminary to a presidential appointment.
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总统任命前通常要进行背景审查的准备工作。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The winner of each preliminary goes through to the final.
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每场初赛的获胜者进入决赛。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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This is only a preliminary invitation form and not a binding contract.
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此表格乃服务邀请的初稿,并非合约.【期刊摘选】
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In addition, preliminary exploration of the angle of flow deflection in the channel and comparative tests.
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此外, 对槽内水流偏角作了初步探讨,对不同的挖槽方式进行了对比试验.【期刊摘选】
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Police say two men have appeared in a preliminary court hearing.
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警方说已有两人出席了法院预备听证会.【期刊摘选】
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Finally , a preliminary proposal for the engineering of this control system is provided.
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对ANFIS模型投药控制系统的工程实现进行了初步方案设计.【期刊摘选】
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Accelink technology, today disclosed that the company started a preliminary inquiry, to promote.
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光迅科技今日披露,公司开始初步询价 、 推介.【期刊摘选】
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And in the meantime , it makes a preliminary research for selecting the crude oil storage base.
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对我国石油储备方式及基地选址进行初步探讨, 并做了一些前期研究工作.【期刊摘选】
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Note: The figures of 2003 are preliminary statistics.
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注: 2003年为初步统计数据.【期刊摘选】
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Preliminary investigation on the Chihu Lake aquatic vascular plants in Jiangxi Province.
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江西赤湖水生维管束植物的初步调查.【期刊摘选】
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Preliminary estimates put the number of birds'nests there at over 20000.
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初步估计那里的鸟窝有两万多个.【期刊摘选】
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Preliminary Results of Solar Irradiance at the Sea Surface Using Satellite Remotely sensed.
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利用卫星遥感资料估算海面太阳辐照度的初步结果.【期刊摘选】
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Preparations for the preliminary stage of the work are already complete.
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前期工作已准备完毕.【期刊摘选】
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Preliminary identification results for the C 2 strain Fengyang small species, Huaiyuan strain C 1 race.
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初步鉴定结果为凤阳菌株为C2小种, 怀远菌株为C1小种.【期刊摘选】
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He has easily won the preliminary contest for the high jump.
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他轻松地通过了跳高预赛.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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They refused to negotiate unless three preliminary requirements were met.
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如果三项先决条件得不到满足,他们就拒绝谈判.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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They are taking preliminary steps in preparation for a possible war.
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他们正在为应付一场可能的战争做初步的准备.【《简明英汉词典》】
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A physical examination is a preliminary to joining the army.
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体格检查是参军的初步.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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A preliminary review of Mexico's taxation found a fall in purchases of taxed drinks as well as a rise in sales of untaxed and healthier drinks.【出自-2016年12月阅读原文】
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However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest.【出自-2010年6月阅读原文】
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What do Brian Nosek's preliminary results suggest【出自-2010年6月阅读原文】
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Take plenty of breaks, because they offer a double bonus: the time off gives your mind a chance to do some preliminary consolidation and it also gives a memory boost to the learning.【2017年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C】
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Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.【出自-2016年考研阅读原文】
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The biotechnology Industry Organisation, a trade group, assured members that this was just a "preliminary step" in a longer battle.【2012年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ】
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