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shoulder
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音标：英 ['ʃəʊldə] 美 ['ʃoldɚ]
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解释：
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n. 肩，肩膀；肩部
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vt. 肩负，承担
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vi. 用肩推挤，用肩顶
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助记提示：
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〔应该(should)让儿〈er〉子肩负重任〕
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中文词源：
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shoulder 肩膀，肩部，肩扛，承担，担负来 自 古 英 语 sculdor, 肩 膀 ， 来 自 Proto-Germanic*skuldro, 肩 膀 ， 可 能 来 自 Proto-Germanic*skelduz,盾，来自 PIE*skel,切，分开，词源同 shield,shell.引申诸相关词义。
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英文词源：
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shoulder
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shoulder: [OE] Shoulder is a general West Germanic word, with relatives in German schulter and Dutch schouder (it was also borrowed into Swedish and Danish as skuldra and skulder respectively). It goes back to a prehistoric *skuldr-, but where this came from is not clear. One suggestion is that it is distantly related to English shield, and originally denoted ‘shoulder-blade’ (the underlying meaning being ‘flat piece’).
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shoulder (n.)
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Old English sculdor "shoulder," from West Germanic *skuldro (cognates: Middle Dutch scouder, Dutch schouder, Old Frisian skoldere, Middle Low German scholder, Old High German scultra, German Schulter), of unknown origin, perhaps related to shield (n.). Meaning "edge of the road" is attested from 1933. Cold shoulder (Neh. ix:29) translates Latin humerum recedentum dare in Vulgate (but see cold shoulder). Shoulder-length, of hair, is from 1951.
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shoulder (v.)
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c. 1300, "to push with the shoulder," from shoulder (n.). Meaning "take a burden" first recorded 1580s. The military sense is from 1590s. Related: Shouldered; shouldering.
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双语例句：
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1. He was wounded in the shoulder by a ricochet.
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他被一颗跳弹打伤了肩膀。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. Her ear, shoulder and hip are in a straight line.
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她的耳朵、肩膀和髋部呈一条直线。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. Turkin tapped him on the shoulder. "Sorry to interrupt, Colonel."
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图尔金拍拍他的肩膀。“不好意思打断您一下，上校。”
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. He complained a little of a nagging pain between his shoulder blades.
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他有几句提到说肩胛骨之间一直在疼。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. As he tried to crawl away, he was hit in the shoulder.
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他试图爬走时肩膀中枪了。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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He slung the bag over his shoulder.
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他把包一甩，挎在肩上。【牛津词典】
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She tapped him on the shoulder.
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她拍了拍他的肩膀。【牛津词典】
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He looked back over his shoulder.
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他扭头朝后看。【牛津词典】
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She shrugged her shoulders (= showing that she didn't know or care) .
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她耸了耸肩。【牛津词典】
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an off-the-shoulder dress
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露肩连衣裙【牛津词典】
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He carried the child on his shoulders.
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他把孩子扛在肩上。【牛津词典】
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broad-shouldered
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宽肩的【牛津词典】
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a jacket with padded shoulders
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带垫肩的夹克【牛津词典】
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The village lay just around the shoulder of the hill.
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村子恰好坐落在山肩处。【牛津词典】
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She led him to an armchair, with her arm round his shoulder...
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她揽着他的肩膀，将他领到一把扶手椅旁。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He glanced over his shoulder and saw me watching him.
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他扭头瞥了一眼，看见我正看他。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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...extravagant fashions with padded shoulders.
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带垫肩的华丽时装【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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No one suspected the anguish he carried on his shoulders...
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没人觉察出他所承担的痛苦。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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I fervently hope he recognizes and understands the burden that's on his shoulders.
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我热诚地希望他能认识到并懂得自己肩负的重任。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He has had to shoulder the responsibility of his father's mistakes...
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他得为他父亲的过错承担责任。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Some of the blame for the disastrous night must be shouldered by the promoters.
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筹办方必须为那个灾难性的夜晚承担一部分责任。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The rest of the group shouldered their bags, gritted their teeth and set off...
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那群人中其余的人扛起包，咬着牙出发了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He shouldered his bike and walked across the finish line.
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他扛着自行车走过了终点线。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The policemen rushed past him, shouldering him aside...
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警察从他身边匆匆而过，把他挤到一边。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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She could do nothing to stop him as he shouldered his way into the house...
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他使劲往屋子里挤，她根本没法儿阻止他。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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...shoulder of lamb.
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小羊的前腿连肩肉【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Mrs Barrantes longs to be at her daughter's side to offer her a shoulder to cry on...
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巴兰特斯夫人很希望能在女儿身边听她倾诉。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Roland sometimes saw me as a shoulder to cry on.
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罗兰有时把我看作是一个可以倾诉的对象。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The two candidates stood head and shoulders above the rest...
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这两名候选人从所有人中脱颖而出。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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I am very impressed by your magazine. It is head and shoulders above any other.
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我对你们的杂志印象非常深刻。感觉比其他杂志好多了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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When a company keeps making people redundant, those who are left behind might start looking over their shoulder.
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当一家公司不停地裁员时，那些留下来的员工也会开始惴惴不安了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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They fell into step, walking shoulder to shoulder with their heads bent against the rain...
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他们开始迈着一致的步伐并肩而行，低着头躲避雨水。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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We went on board and saw these people packed shoulder to shoulder on the decks.
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我们上了船，看见这些人在甲板上肩挨着肩挤在一起。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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They could fight shoulder-to-shoulder against a common enemy...
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他们可以同心协力，对抗共同的敌人。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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We will need you and the chairman standing shoulder to shoulder on basic positions.
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我们需要你和主席在一些基本立场上共同进退。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The little boy walked out of the school with his head and shoulders hanging down.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over yourshoulder.【出自-2011年12月阅读原文】
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Have others watch over his shoulder【出自-2011年12月阅读原文】
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Some tables will arrive on a Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for them.【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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You might strain your shoulder.【出自-2014年6月听力原文】
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See a doctor about her strained shoulder【出自-2014年6月听力原文】
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In other words, our inner caveman is continually looking over his shoulder to see what the rest of the tribe are up to.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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I happened to meet with a youngish-looking man with a 3-year-old boy around his shoulders.【出自-2012年12月阅读原文】
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Obama's success isn't all good news for black Americans As Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders【出自-2010年6月阅读原文】
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A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.【2019年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读C 原文】
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He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.【2014年高考英语全国卷2 语法填空 原文】
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However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today's students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.【2016年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文】
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It is important to stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.【2019年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读D 选项】
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That isn't a reason to stop, it's just the mind, that little man or woman on your shoulder, trying to talk you out of something again.【2015年高考英语福建卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文】
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To some extent the housing sector must shoulder the blame.【2014年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ】
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