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refuse
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音标：英 [rɪ'fjuːz] 美 [ri'fjʊz]
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解释：
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n. 垃圾；废物
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vt. 拒绝；不愿；抵制
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vi. 拒绝
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中文词源：
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refuse 拒绝，回绝re-,向后，往回，-fus,流入，词源同 refund,fusion.即流回，引申词义拒绝，回绝。
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英文词源：
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refuse
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refuse: [14] Refuse comes via Old French refuser from an unrecorded Vulgar Latin *refūsāre. It is not altogether clear where this came from, for it has no direct Latin antecedent. One theory is that it represents a blend of Latin recūsāre ‘refuse’ (source of English recusant [16]), a compound verb based on causa ‘cause’, and refūtāre ‘rebut’ (source of English refute [16]), a compound verb based on the element *fūt-, found also in English confute [16].
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But another long-established school of thought derives it from refūsus, the past participle of Latin refundere ‘pour back’ (source of English refund [14]) – the underlying notion being of something ‘poured back’ or ‘rejected’. The noun refuse ‘rubbish’ [15] probably comes from Old French refus ‘refusal’, a derivative of refuser ‘refuse’.
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refuse (v.)
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c. 1300, from Old French refuser "reject, disregard, avoid" (12c.), from Vulgar Latin *refusare, frequentative form from past participle stem of Latin refundere "pour back, give back" (see refund (v.)). Related: Refused; refusing.
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refuse (n.)
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mid-14c., "an outcast;" mid-14c., "a rejected thing, waste material, trash," from Old French refus "waste product, rubbish; refusal, denial, rejection," a back-formation from the past participle of refuser (see refuse (v.)). As an adjective from late 14c., "despised, rejected;" early 15c., "of low quality."
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双语例句：
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1. The District Council made a weekly collection of refuse.
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区政务委员会每周收取一次垃圾。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. I've always had a loud mouth, I refuse to be silenced.
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我一贯大声说出自己的想法，不会迫于压力而一言不发。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. I refuse to act that way when my kids fight.
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我的孩子们打起架来时，我不会那样做。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. Those who refuse to repent, he said, will be punished.
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那些拒不悔改的人，他说，将会受到惩罚。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. You were quite within your rights to refuse to co-operate with him.
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你完全有权拒绝跟他合作。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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Go on, ask her; she can hardly refuse.
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去吧，去求她，她不大会拒绝。【牛津词典】
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He flatly refused to discuss the matter.
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他断然拒绝商讨这件事。【牛津词典】
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She refused to accept that there was a problem.
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她拒不承认有问题存在。【牛津词典】
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I politely refused their invitation.
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我礼貌地回绝了他们的邀请。【牛津词典】
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The job offer was simply too good to refuse.
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这个工作机会太好了，无法拒绝。【牛津词典】
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They refused him a visa.
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他们拒绝给他签证。【牛津词典】
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She would never refuse her kids anything.
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她对孩子百依百顺。【牛津词典】
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domestic/household refuse
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生活垃圾【牛津词典】
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the city refuse dump
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城市垃圾场【牛津词典】
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refuse collection/disposal
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垃圾收集 / 处理【牛津词典】
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Go on, ask her; she can hardly refuse.
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去吧，去求她，她不大会拒绝。【牛津词典】
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He flatly refused to discuss the matter.
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他断然拒绝商讨这件事。【牛津词典】
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She refused to accept that there was a problem.
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她拒不承认有问题存在。【牛津词典】
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I politely refused their invitation.
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我礼貌地回绝了他们的邀请。【牛津词典】
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The job offer was simply too good to refuse.
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这个工作机会太好了，无法拒绝。【牛津词典】
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They refused him a visa.
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他们拒绝给他签证。【牛津词典】
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She would never refuse her kids anything.
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她对孩子百依百顺。【牛津词典】
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domestic/household refuse
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生活垃圾【牛津词典】
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the city refuse dump
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城市垃圾场【牛津词典】
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refuse collection/disposal
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垃圾收集 / 处理【牛津词典】
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He refused to comment after the trial...
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庭审之后他拒绝作出评论。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He expects me to stay on here and I can hardly refuse.
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他希望我继续留在这里，我很难拒绝。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The United States has refused him a visa...
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美国拒绝给他发放签证。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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She was refused access to her children...
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她被禁止探视她的孩子。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He offered me a second drink which I refused...
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他请我再喝一杯，我没有接受。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The patient has the right to refuse treatment.
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病人有权利拒绝接受治疗。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The District Council made a weekly collection of refuse.
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区政务委员会每周收取一次垃圾。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Worst of all, when her son, Ned, fell and injured his knee, she refused to pay for a doctor and spent hours looking for free medical help.【出自-2014年6月听力原文】
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The supervisor of personnel refused the request.【出自-2011年6月听力原文】
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An X-rays technician is refusing to do her job until the firm agrees to replace its out-dated equipment.【出自-2011年6月听力原文】
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If private plans demanded similar productivity savings from providers, and refused to let providers shift additional costs to them, the savings could be much larger.【出自-2016年6月阅读原文】
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Many universities simply refuse to release their exact graduation rates for first-generation students.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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Why he refused to answer her call.【出自-2013年6月听力原文】
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I'm afraid to refuse to work, but I'm more afraid to expose my unborn child to the radiation.【出自-2012年12月听力原文】
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Workers have the legal rights to refuse certain unsafe work assignments under two federal laws: the Occupational Safety and Health Act and the National Labor Relations Act【出自-2012年12月听力原文】
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The black slaves from Guinea and Angola have demanded to be well treated, threatening to refuse to have children.【2018年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B】
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Athens, the Athens of ancient Greece, refused responsibility; she reached the end of freedom and was never to have it again.【2015年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文】
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But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit ready to go! I told her she shouldn't swim after a whole night's coughing, but she refused to give up and insisted she go.【2016年高考英语天津卷 完形填空 原文】
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Disappointed by many a broken, vine-ripened (蔓上成熟的) promise, I've refused to buy winter tomatoes for years.【2015年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读B 原文】
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Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to san antonio to help their children, she politely refused.【2016年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读B 原文】
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He refused to talk with angie.【2015年高考英语重庆卷 阅读理解 阅读C 选项】
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I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused to stop until we reached the next stop.【2014年高考英语全国卷2 语法填空 原文】
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It was a rainy morning and the children, mainly boys with various learning difficulties, refused to settle for the start of the lesson.【2015年高考英语湖南卷 完形填空 原文】
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She had asked the government for permission to move the books to a safe place, but they refused.【2017年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 完形填空 原文】
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She refused to live with male cranes, and even had a reputation for killing some of them, which made it impossible for her to become a mother.【2019年高考英语江苏卷 完形填空 原文】
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She skipped school, and refused to communicate.【2015年高考英语重庆卷 完形填空 A 原文】
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The Athenians refused to take their responsibility.【2015年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读D 选项】
108、
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know.【2019年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文】
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Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.【2017年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文】
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When his request was refused, he took out his French horn and started to practice.【2015年高考英语重庆卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文】
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When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.【2017年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文】
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None of these will be easy but you can start even if others refuse to.【2020年考研真题（英语一）翻译 Section Ⅲ】
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Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs.【2011年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ】
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