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proof
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音标：英 [pruːf] 美 [pruf]
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解释：
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n. 证明；证据；校样；考验；验证；试验
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adj. 防…的；不能透入的；证明用的；耐…的
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vt. 试验；校对；使不被穿透
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中文词源：
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proof 证据，证明，检查，验样来自prove的名词形式，拼写比较believe,belief.
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英文词源：
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proof
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proof: [13] Proof and prove are of course closely related. Both go back ultimately to Latin probāre ‘test, prove’. From this in post-classical times was derived the noun proba ‘proof’, which passed into English via Old French preve as pref. In the 14th and 15th centuries this gradually changed in the mainstream language to proof, due to the influence of the verb prove.
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=> probe, prove
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proof (n.)
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early 13c., preove "evidence to establish the fact of (something)," from Anglo-French preove, Old French prueve "proof, test, experience" (13c., Modern French preuve), from Late Latin proba "a proof," a back-formation from Latin probare "to prove" (see prove). "The devocalization of v to f ensued upon the loss of final e; cf. the relation of v and f in believe, belief, relieve, relief, behove, behoof, etc. [OED].
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Meaning "act of proving" is early 14c. Meaning "act of testing or making trial of anything" is from late 14c., from influence of prove. Meaning "standard of strength of distilled liquor" is from 1705. In photography from 1855. Typographical sense of "trial impression to test type" is from c. 1600. Numismatic sense of "coin struck to test a die" is from 1762; now mostly in reference to coins struck from highly polished dies, mainly for collectors.
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Adjectival sense (proof against) is recorded from 1590s, from the noun in expressions such as proof of (mid-15c.), hence extended senses involving "tested power" in compounds such as fireproof (1630s), waterproof (1725), foolproof (1902), etc. Shakespeare has shame-proof. Expression the proof is in the pudding (1915) is a curious perversion of earlier proof of the pudding is in the eating (1708), with proof in the sense "quality of proving good or turning out well" (17c.); perhaps an advertiser's condensed form of the original.
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proof (v.)
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1834, "to test," from proof (n.). From 1950 as short for proofread (v.). Related: Proofed; proofing.
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双语例句：
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1. He has had to eat his words about the company being recession-proof.
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他不得不收回他说过的公司能免受经济衰退影响的话。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. His papers were proof against all but the most expert of scrutinies.
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他的论文几乎可以经受住最专业的审查。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. Training is worthless unless there is proof that it works.
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除非能证明训练有效，否则就是白搭。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. His life was saved by a quarter-inch-thick bullet-proof steel screen.
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多亏一块1/4英寸厚的防弹钢板，他才捡了条命。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. "We need proof, sir." Another pause. Then, "Very well."
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“我们需要证据，先生。”又是一个短暂停顿。然后，“那好吧。”
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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positive/conclusive proof
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确切的 / 确凿的证据【牛津词典】
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Can you provide any proof of identity ?
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你能提供什么身份证明吗？【牛津词典】
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Keep the receipt as proof of purchase .
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保存收据，作为购物证明。【牛津词典】
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There is no proof that the knife belonged to her.
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没有证据证明那把刀子是属于她的。【牛津词典】
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These results are a further proof of his outstanding ability.
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这些成果进一步证明了他的杰出才干。【牛津词典】
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Is the claim capable of proof?
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这个说法能证明是正确的吗？【牛津词典】
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She was checking the proofs of her latest novel.
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她正在审阅她的新小说的校样。【牛津词典】
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The sea wall was not proof against the strength of the waves.
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防波堤挡不住海浪的力量。【牛津词典】
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rainproof/windproof clothing
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防雨 / 防风服装【牛津词典】
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The car has childproof locks on the rear doors.
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汽车后门装有防止儿童开启的锁。【牛津词典】
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an inflation-proof pension plan
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已考虑通货膨胀的养老金计划【牛津词典】
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proofed canvas
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做过防水处理的帆布【牛津词典】
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colour proofing
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印彩色校样【牛津词典】
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You have to have proof of residence in the state of Texas, such as a Texas ID card...
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你必须有在得克萨斯州的居住证明，比如得克萨斯身份证。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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This is not necessarily proof that he is wrong...
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这不一定就证明他是错的。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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I'm correcting the proofs of the Spanish edition right now.
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我正在校正西班牙语版本的校样。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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...a glass of Wild Turkey bourbon: 101 degrees proof.
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一杯威特基波旁威士忌：酒精度为101°【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The fortress was proof against the techniques of attack then in use...
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该防御工事能抵御当时所使用的各种进攻手段。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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His papers were proof against all but the most expert of scrutinies.
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他的论文几乎可以经受住最专业的审查。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He is living proof that some players just get better with age.
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有些运动员年纪越大状态越好，他就是个活生生的例子。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The Windermere Golf Club is proof positive that golf and ecology can co-exist in perfect harmony.
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温德米尔高尔夫俱乐部证明了高尔夫和生态能完全和谐共存。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The photo was final proof of her husband's infidelity.
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这张照片最终证明了她丈夫的不忠.【《简明英汉词典》】
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The witness showed unquestionable proof.
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证人出示了确凿的证据.【《简明英汉词典》】
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He is walking proof that people can lose weight quickly.
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他是人能迅速变瘦的活见证.【《简明英汉词典》】
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The burden of proof lay on the plaintiff to prove negligence.
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证明对方犯有疏忽罪的举证责任落在原告身上.【《简明英汉词典》】
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The reaction to his death, with people leaving candles and flowers outside Apple stores and politicians singing praises on the internet, is proof that Mr Jobs had become something much more significant than just a clever money-maker.【出自-2012年12月阅读原文】
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You need proof of citizenship, either an old passport or a birth certificate and three photographs.【出自-2012年6月听力原文】
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It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal areas.【2019年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C】
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Erica is proof that a great-grandmother can help to lead the revolution if you get the psychology right — in this case, by matching her enthusiasm for the environment with a fondness for organising groups.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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What do you actually do and how do you prepare for your job?If sheer numbers provide any proof, Americans’ universities are the envy of the world.【出自-2015年12月听力原文】
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Obama's success is sound proof of black's potential【出自-2010年6月阅读原文】
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I think that by having people adopt a healthy lifestyle, both from a medical standpoint as well as nutritional and cognitive stimulation standpoint, we can reduce the incidence of cognitive decline, which will be proof that these factors are, in fact, imp【2016年6月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C】
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The company might be very optimistic, but the ability of their machine to detect deception has not provided credible proof.【2018年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C】
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The proof is all around us.【2015年高考英语上海卷 完形填空 原文】
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But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation.【出自-2017年考研阅读原文】
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But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval for a contract or regulation.【2017年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ】
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Scientists say the compound is "bound to be carcinogenic" but have no hard scientific proof.【2020年考研真题（英语一）完形填空 Section Ⅰ】
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We can choose to see failure as "the end of the world," or as proof of just how inadequate we are.【2020年考研真题（英语二）翻译 Section Ⅲ】
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