air的翻译与解释是什么
发布于 2023-05-11 17:29:19
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详情：
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air
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音标：英 [eə] 美 [ɛr]
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解释：
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n. 空气，大气；天空；样子；曲调
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vt. 使通风，晾干；夸耀
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vi. 通风
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中文词源：
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air 空气来自拉丁词aerem, 举起，空气。
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英文词源：
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air
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air: [13] Modern English air is a blend of three strands of meaning from, ultimately, two completely separate sources. In the sense of the gas we breathe it goes back via Old French air and Latin āēr to Greek áēr ‘air’ (whence the aero-compounds of English; see AEROPLANE). Related words in Greek were áērni ‘I blow’ and aúrā ‘breeze’ (from which English acquired aura in the 18th century), and cognates in other Indo-European languages include Latin ventus ‘wind’, English wind, and nirvana ‘extinction of existence’, which in Sanskrit meant literally ‘blown out’.
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In the 16th century a completely new set of meanings of air arrived in English: ‘appearance’ or ‘demeanour’. The first known instance comes in Shakespeare’s 1 Henry IV, IV, i: ‘The quality and air of our attempt brooks no division’ (1596). This air was borrowed from French, where it probably represents an earlier, Old French, aire ‘nature, quality’, whose original literal meaning ‘place of origin’ (reflected in another derivative, eyrie) takes it back to Latin ager ‘place, field’, source of English agriculture and related to acre. (The final syllable of English debonair [13] came from Old French aire, incidentally; the phrase de bon aire meant ‘of good disposition’.) The final strand in modern English air comes via the Italian descendant of Latin āēr, aria.
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This had absorbed the ‘nature, quality’ meanings of Old French aire, and developed them further to ‘melody’ (perhaps on the model of German weise, which means both ‘way, manner’ and ‘tune’ – its English cognate wise, as in ‘in no wise’, meant ‘song’ from the 11th to the 13th centuries). It seems likely that English air in the sense ‘tune’ is a direct translation of the Italian.
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Here again, Shakespeare got in with it first – in A Midsummer Night’s Dream, I, i: ‘Your tongue’s sweet air more tunable than lark to shepherd’s ear’ (1590). (Aria itself became an English word in the 18th century.)
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=> acre, aeroplane, agriculture, aria, aura, eyrie, malaria, wind
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air (v.)
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"to expose to open air," 1520s, from air (n.1). Figurative sense of "to expose, make public" is from 1610s of objects, 1862 of opinions, grievances, etc. Meaning "to broadcast" (originally on radio) is from 1933. Related: Aired; airing.
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air (n.1)
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c. 1300, "invisible gases that make up the atmosphere," from Old French air "atmosphere, breeze, weather" (12c.), from Latin aerem (nominative aer) "air, lower atmosphere, sky," from Greek aer (genitive aeros) "air" (related to aenai "to blow, breathe"), which is of unknown origin, possibly from a base *awer- and thus related to aeirein "to raise" and arteria "windpipe, artery" (see aorta) on notion of "lifting, that which rises." In Homer mostly "thick air, mist;" later "air" as one of the four elements.
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Words for "air" in Indo-European languages tend to be associated with wind, brightness, sky. In English, air replaced native lyft, luft (see loft (n.)). To be in the air "in general awareness" is from 1875; up in the air "uncertain, doubtful" is from 1752. To build castles in the air is from 1590s (in 17c. English had airmonger "one preoccupied with visionary projects"). Broadcasting sense (as in on the air) first recorded 1927. To give (someone) the air "dismiss" is from 1900. Air pollution is attested by 1870.
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air (n.2)
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1590s, "manner, appearance" (as in an air of mystery); 1650s, "assumed manner, affected appearance" (especially in phrase put on airs, 1781), from French air "look, appearance, mien, bearing, tone" (Old French aire "reality, essence, nature, descent, extraction," 12c.; compare debonair), from Latin ager "place, field" (see acre) on notion of "place of origin."
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But some French sources connect this Old French word with the source of air (n.1), and it also is possible these senses in English developed from or were influenced by air (n.1); compare sense development of atmosphere and Latin spiritus "breath, breeze," also "high spirit, pride," and the extended senses of anima.
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air (n.3)
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"melody, tune," 1580s, from Italian aria (see aria).
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双语例句：
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1. The cold, misty air felt wonderful on his face.
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雾蒙蒙，寒冷的空气使他脸上感觉很舒爽。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. The volume of scheduled flights is straining the air traffic control system.
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定期航班的数量正让空中交通指挥系统不堪重负。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. America has enough firepower in the area to mount sustained air strikes.
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美国在该地区拥有足够的火力发动持续的空中打击。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. The outside air was heavy and moist and sultry.
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外面的空气沉滞、潮湿而闷热。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. Leave a vent open to let some moist air escape.
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打开一个通风口，让潮气逸出一些。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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currents of warm air
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暖气流【牛津词典】
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I kicked the ball high in/into the air .
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我把球高高地踢到空中。【牛津词典】
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Spicy smells wafted through the air .
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空中飘来一阵阵辛辣的气味。【牛津词典】
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I need to put some air in my tyres.
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我需要给我的轮胎打些气。【牛津词典】
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Let's go out for some fresh air .
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咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气。【牛津词典】
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air pollution
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空气污染【牛津词典】
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He told reporters today that the president's trip to Moscow is up in the air.
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今天他告诉记者们总统是否前往莫斯科尚未确定。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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As soon as I know I'm in the team it's like I'm walking on air.
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一得知我加入了这个队，我高兴得像飞上了天。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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There was great excitement in the air...
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人人都感到无比激动。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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She walked away and left the question hanging in the air.
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她走开了，将疑问留在人们心里。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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She is going on the air as presenter of a new show...
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她即将上电视主持一档新节目。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Rockwell hopes the program can be on the air within a year...
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罗克韦尔希望该节目能在一年内播出。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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'But where could they have gone?' he demanded. 'They can't just vanish into thin air!'...
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“但是他们可能去哪里呢？”他追问道，“他们不可能就神秘消失了!”【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He had materialized out of thin air; I had not seen or heard him coming.
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他突然间神秘地出现了；我既没看见他来，也没听见他的脚步声。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Government troops broke up the protest by firing their guns in the air...
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政府军队朝天鸣枪驱散了抗议人群。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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People's cigarette smoke seemed to hang in the air.
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人们吸烟的烟雾似乎会长时间滞留在空气中。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Air travel will continue to grow at about 6% per year...
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乘飞机旅行的人数将以每年大约6%的速度持续增加。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Casualties had to be brought to hospital by air.
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伤者不得不用飞机送往医院。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Jennifer regarded him with an air of amusement...
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珍妮弗觉得他很风趣。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The meal gave the occasion an almost festive air.
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这一餐使整个场合有了近乎节日般的喜庆氛围。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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We're poor and we never put on airs.
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我们贫穷但从不装腔作势。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Tonight PBS will air a documentary called 'Democracy In Action'.
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今晚公共广播公司将播放一部名为《民主进行时》的纪录片。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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They sat for more than six hours, and both sides agreed they had aired all their differences...
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他们一起坐了六个多小时，而且双方都认为他们已经表达了所有的不同意见。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The whole issue was thoroughly aired at the meeting.
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在会上完全公开了整个问题。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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One day a week her mother systematically cleaned and aired each room.
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她母亲按部就班地每周一次清扫所有的房间并开窗通风。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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When the shirts were clean, I ironed them myself, aired them and placed them in drawers in his room.
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衬衫洗干净之后，我自己将它们熨好、烘干并放在他房间的抽屉里。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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...an inquiry just to clear the air and settle the facts of the case.
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一项只为消除疑团并弄清案件事实而进行的调查【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The old cliché of the customer being always right is what gives them airs and graces.
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“顾客总是对的”这种陈词滥调让他们变得趾高气扬。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Draughts help to circulate air...
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穿堂风有助于空气流通。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Keith opened the window and leaned out into the cold air.
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基思打开窗户，探出身到冷风中。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Cairo is known for its overcrowded roads, irregular driving practices and shaky old vehicles, but also for its air pollution.【出自-2015年12月听力原文】
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Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner.【出自-2013年6月阅读原文】
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Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that expand over time and let in more outside air.【出自-2010年6月阅读原文】
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Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up.【出自-2010年6月阅读原文】
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What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight【出自-2010年6月阅读原文】
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It's good to get back to some fresh air.【出自-2013年6月听力原文】
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What controls remain for the users will be audio-based, so, for example, you'll just have to say "a bit warmer", and the air conditioning will adjust automatically【出自-2013年6月听力原文】
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In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air.【出自-2011年12月听力原文】
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Whether she can travel by air.【出自-2010年12月听力原文】
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This doesn't mean to put on airs and say "do you know who I am?【出自-2010年6月听力原文】
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"One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little control," he said.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A】
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air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious damage occurring in the developing world.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A】
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Although in-flight infections thrive in dry environments like airplanes, your risk of getting sick from an airplane is actually low because of the air filters used.【2019年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A】
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Around 9 in 10 people in low- and middle-income countries live in places where they regularly experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A】
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If you're planning on being one of them soon, you might not be looking forward to the unpleasant feeling air travel often leaves you with.【2019年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A】
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It has been trying out monitoring stations that are intended to yield minute-to-minute maps of outdoor air pollution.【2018年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section A】
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millions die early from air pollution each year.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A】
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One vision of the perfect city of the future: a place that offers easy access to air travel.【2019年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B】
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Perception of sweet and salty foods dropped by almost individuals percent in a simulation of air travel.【2019年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A】
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the 20th century a highway, car, truck century—and the 21st century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air, " Kasarda says.【2019年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B】
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The air you breathe in a plane dries out your mouth and nose, which can affect your sense of taste.【2019年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A】
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The airlander 10 spent nearly 2 hours in the air, having taken off from Cardington airfield in Bedfordshire.【2018年6月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section A】
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The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income equals-nearly 1% of GDP.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A】
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The figures include a number of costs associated with air pollution.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A】
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The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A】
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Then again, the air of accountability that the camera generates can also work in contractors' favor.【2018年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C】
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Therefore, these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less vulnerable to catching respiratory infections while traveling by air.【2019年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A】
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Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks, clean rivers, clean air and poisonfree food.【出自-2016年6月阅读原文】
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As if that were not enough, a Brazilian C-130 Hercules military transport plane has remained stranded near the runway of Chile's air base here since it crash-landed in 2014.【出自-2016年12月阅读原文】
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In the meantime, the amount of CO2 in the air is rapidly approaching the limits proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).【出自-2012年6月阅读原文】
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James hiked, fished, learnt to sail and experimented with hot air ballooning.【出自-2013年12月听力原文】
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We can pollute the air with acids, the rivers with sewage(污水), the seas with oil【出自-2013年12月听力】
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