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dog
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音标：英 [dɒg] 美 [dɔɡ]
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解释：
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n. 狗；丑女人；卑鄙的人；(俚)朋友
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vt. 跟踪；尾随
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助记提示：
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1. 回文构词：dog god, live evil, desserts stressed.
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2. 上帝倒立： god => dog.
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3. 谐音“大狗”。
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中文词源：
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dog 狗词源不详，神秘词。
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英文词源：
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dog
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dog: [11] Dog is one of the celebrated mystery words of English etymology. It appears once in late Old English, in the Prudentius glosses, where it translates Latin canis, but its use does not seem to have proliferated until the 13th century, and it did not replace the native hound as the main word for the animal until the 16th century. It has no known relatives of equal antiquity in other European languages, although several borrowed it in the 16th and 17th centuries for particular sorts of ‘dog’: German dogge ‘large dog, such as a mastiff’, for instance, French dogue ‘mastiff’, and Swedish dogg ‘bulldog’.
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dog (n.)
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Old English docga, a late, rare word, used in at least one Middle English source in reference to a powerful breed of canine. The word forced out Old English hund (the general Germanic and Indo-European word; see canine) by 16c. and subsequently was picked up in many continental languages (French dogue (16c.), Danish dogge, German Dogge (16c.)), but the origin remains one of the great mysteries of English etymology.
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Many expressions -- a dog's life (c. 1600), go to the dogs (1610s), etc. -- reflect earlier hard use of the animals as hunting accessories, not pampered pets. In ancient times, "the dog" was the worst throw in dice (attested in Greek, Latin, and Sanskrit, where the word for "the lucky player" was literally "the dog-killer"), which plausibly explains the Greek word for "danger," kindynas, which appears to be "play the dog."
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Slang meaning "ugly woman" is from 1930s; that of "sexually aggressive man" is from 1950s. Adjectival phrase dog-eat-dog attested by 1850s. Dog tag is from 1918. To dog-ear a book is from 1650s; dog-eared in extended sense of "worn, unkempt" is from 1894. Notwithstanding, as a dog hath a day, so may I perchance have time to declare it in deeds. [Princess Elizabeth, 1550]
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Phrase put on the dog "get dressed up" (1934) may look back to the stiff stand-up shirt collars that in the 1890s were the height of male fashion (and were known as dog-collars at least from 1883), with reference to collars worn by dogs. The common Spanish word for "dog," perro, also is a mystery word of unknown origin, perhaps from Iberian. A group of Slavic "dog" words (Old Church Slavonic pisu, Polish pies, Serbo-Croatian pas) likewise are of unknown origin.
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dog (v.)
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"to track like a dog," 1510s, see dog (n.). Related: Dogged; dogging.
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双语例句：
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1. Politicians want a lap-dog press which will uncritically report their propaganda.
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政客们想要的是不问是非、甘为他们搞宣传的哈巴狗一样的新闻媒体。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. With a snarl, the second dog made a dive for his heel.
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伴着一声嗥叫，第二只狗扑向了他的脚后跟。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. As soon as he got inside, the dog shook himself.
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他一进来，狗就开始摇头摆尾。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. The policeman smiled at her. "Pretty dog."— "Oh well, thank you."
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警察冲她笑了笑，“这狗真漂亮。”——“哦，谢谢。”
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. You left the latch off the gate and the dog escaped.
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你没把门闩插上，所以狗跑了。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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You dirty dog!
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你这个下流坯！【牛津词典】
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I'm afraid in this line of work it's a case of dog eat dog.
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恐怕在这种行业中竞争是残酷无情的。【牛津词典】
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We're operating in a dog-eat-dog world.
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我们是在一个残酷竞争的世界里立足。【牛津词典】
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He's made a real dog's breakfast of these accounts.
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他把这些账目简直搞得一塌糊涂。【牛津词典】
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This firm's gone to the dogs since the new management took over.
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这个公司自新的管理人员接手以来日渐衰败。【牛津词典】
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He hasn't a dog's chance of passing the exam.
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他根本不可能通过这次考试。【牛津词典】
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He had been dogged by bad health all his life.
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他一生多病，备受折磨。【牛津词典】
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She had the impression that someone was dogging her steps.
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她感觉到有人在尾随她。【牛津词典】
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Her last movie was an absolute dog.
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她的最后一部影片彻底砸锅了。【牛津词典】
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a dog and her puppies
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母狗和它的狗崽儿【牛津词典】
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dog food
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狗食【牛津词典】
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guard dogs
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看家狗【牛津词典】
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I could hear a dog barking.
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我听到犬吠声。【牛津词典】
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I took the dog for a walk.
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我遛狗去了。【牛津词典】
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Why can't she let sleeping dogs lie?
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为什么她就不能不多事？【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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They sit in impotent opposition while the country goes to the dogs.
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国家败落之际，他们加入了软弱无力的反对党。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The TV business today is a dog-eat-dog business.
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当前电视业的竞争残酷无情。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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It is very much dog eat dog out there...
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那儿的竞争异常残酷。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Our own Board are going to make a dog's breakfast out of it if we aren't careful.
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如果我们不小心行事，我们的董事会就会乱成一团。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The whole place was a bit of a dog's dinner, really...
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整个地方乌烟瘴气的，真的。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The problems that have dogged him all year are just a temporary setback...
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一时的挫折竟困扰了他一整年。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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His career has been dogged by bad luck.
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他在事业上一直不走运。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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It's a real dog.
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这实在是蹩脚货。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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How can you go out with her? She's a real dog.
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你怎么能和她谈恋爱呢？她简直就是个恐龙。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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...a dog fox.
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公狐狸【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Is this a dog or a bitch?
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这是公狗还是母狗?【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The dog growled again...
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狗又在狂吠。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Outside, a dog was barking...
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外面，一只狗在叫。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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When dogs looked at expressions of angry dogs, their eyes rested more on the mouth, perhaps to interpret the threatening expressions.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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To conduct the tests, the University of Helsinki researchers trained 31 dogs to rest in front of a video screen.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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This behaviour may have evolved as dogs gradually learned they could benefit from avoiding conflicts with humans.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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They suggest this indicates that dogs aren’t sensing emotions from a single feature, but piecing together information from all facial features just as humans do.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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The researchers also note that dogs scan faces as a whole to sense how people are feeling, instead of focusing on a given feature.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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New research shows that dogs limit their eye contact with angry humans.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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Nearby cameras tracked the dogs’ eye movements.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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His team was hit by a snowmobile driver, injuring several dogs and killing a three-year-old male dog.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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He estimated that the comfort level will increase considerably in five to ten years3) One dog has been killed and multiple dogs have been injured by a snowmobile driver in what appears to be an intentional attack on competitors in the Iditarod Race in Alaska.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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Facial photos of dogs and humans were displayed on the screen for 1.5 seconds.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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Dogs, man’s best friends, have a clear strategy for dealing with angry owners—they look away.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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Dogs may have learned to detect threat signs from humans and respond by trying to make peace, according to researcher Sanni Somppi.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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Dogs in the study looked most at the eyes of humans and other dogs to sense their emotions.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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Avoiding conflicts may have helped dogs develop better bonds with humans.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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A snowmobile driver had repeatedly attempted to harm her and her team, and one of Zircle’s dogs had received a non-lifethreatening injury.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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Children's books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers, so the market (and the marketing) is inherently strange.【出自-2014年6月阅读原文】
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If you watch dogs and cats, you'll get an idea of how natural it is.【出自-2013年6月阅读原文】
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She walked to the local grocery store to buy broken biscuits which were much cheaper, and to get a free bone for her much loved dog.【出自-2014年6月听力原文】
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She abused animals including her pet dog【出自-2014年6月听力原文】
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For example, during one lunch period, my friend Denny and I went to the Graben Gore Restaurant to have a hot dog.【出自-2010年12月听力原文】
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his team was hit by a snowmobile driver, injuring several dogs and killing a three-year-old male dog.【2017年6月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A】
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One dog has been killed and multiple dogs have been injured by a snowmobile driver in what appears to be an intentional attack on competitors in the Iditarod Race in Alaska.【2017年6月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A】
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People aren't kidding when they say they love their dog or their dog loves them, but were rather ignorant about the nature of the relationships that form between dogs.【2019年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section C】
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Yet the persistent question of Why do I need that? – or, perhaps more tellingly, Why do you need to know that? – dogs the steps of many new ventures.【出自-2016年12月阅读原文】
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But more recently, companies have begun to plan more affordable After being dogged by technical delays for years, Sir Richard Branson, Virgin Galactic's founder, had recently suggested that a SpaceShipTwo craft would carry its first paying customers as soon as February 2015.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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Mary is going to get a little dog from one of her relatives.【出自-2013年12月听力原文】
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Mary will not be able to keep a dog in the building【出自-2013年12月听力原文】
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Mary might as well send her dog to her relative.【出自-2013年12月听力原文】
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They would also terrorize and kill dogs and cats which is not what the suburban dwellers have in mind.【出自-2013年12月听力原文】
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San Jose, California, began a dog program after the terrorist attacks of September 11th.【2019年6月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section B】
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A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one advertised as lost in the local paper.【2019年高考英语全国卷2 完形填空 原文】
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All the dogs sit, play, or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches.【2015年高考英语上海卷 听力 原文】
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At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog arrived in Nome.【2016年高考英语北京卷 完形填空 原文】
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At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.【2015年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文】
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Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that lost dog.【2019年高考英语全国卷2 完形填空 原文】
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Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog gromit have started a company to protect the town's vegetables from hungry rabbits.【2015年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文】
131、
Dog cafés are very popular.【2015年高考英语上海卷 听力 原文】
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Ehlers called the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had found their dog.【2019年高考英语全国卷2 完形填空 原文】
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Ehlers thought about the small dog he had seen trembling alongside the road.【2019年高考英语全国卷2 完形填空 原文】
134、
From day two everyone wanted to walk the cute puppy that first day, neither thought to walk the dog.【2015年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文】
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From that point Shackleton wanted to force】
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