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spill
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音标：英 [spɪl] 美 [spɪl]
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解释：
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vt. 使溢出，使流出；使摔下
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vi. 溢出，流出；摔下；涌流
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n. 溢出，溅出；溢出量；摔下；小塞子
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n. (Spill)人名；(德)施皮尔
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助记提示：
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1. 专家生病了，把水泼出去了。
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2. 专家生病了，有气无力的，端个水都端不稳，水洒的到处都是。
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3. 专家病了，拿不稳杯子，使水溢出。
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中文词源：
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spill 洒出，溢出，泼出，泄露来自古英语 spillan,破坏，杀死，致残，肢解，来自 Proto-Germanic*spilthjan,破坏，毁灭，来 自 PIE*spel,分开，劈开。后引申词义流血，洒出，并可能由该词义引申比喻义洒出，溢出， 泄露等。其原义见 spoil,抢劫，战利品。
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spill 小木条，小木棍可能来自 spill 印欧词根 PIE*spel,分开，劈开。
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英文词源：
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spill
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spill: Spill ‘let fall’ [OE] and spill ‘thin piece of wood’ are distinct words. The former originally meant ‘destroy, kill’; the modern sense ‘allow liquid to pour out or fall’, which did not emerge until the 14th century, arose as a rather grisly metaphor based on the notion of ‘shedding blood’. The ultimate origins of the word, which has relatives in Dutch spillen and Swedish spilla, are not known. Spill ‘thin piece of wood’ was probably borrowed from Middle Low German or Middle Dutch spile ‘splinter, wooden pin, bar, etc’, which also gave English spile ‘bung’ [16].
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This in turn went back to a prehistoric West Germanic *spinla (source also of English spindle). The familiar modern use of spill for a ‘small slip of wood, paper, etc used for carrying a flame’ did not emerge until the early 19th century.
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=> spin, spindle
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spill (v.)
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Old English spillan "destroy, mutilate, kill," also in late Old English "to waste," variant of spildan "destroy," from Proto-Germanic *spilthjan (cognates: Old High German spildan "to spill," Old Saxon spildian "destroy, kill," Old Norse spilla "to destroy," Danish spilde "lose, spill, waste," Middle Dutch spillen "to waste, spend"), from PIE *spel- (1) "to split, break off" (cognates: Middle Dutch spalden, Old High German spaltan "to split;" Greek aspalon "skin, hide," spolas "flayed skin;" Lithuanian spaliai "shives of flax;" Old Church Slavonic rasplatiti "to cleave, split;" Middle Low German spalden, Old High German spaltan "to split;" Sanskrit sphatayati "splits").
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Sense of "let (liquid) fall or run out" developed mid-14c. from use of the word in reference to shedding blood (early 14c.). Intransitive sense "to run out and become wasted" is from 1650s. Spill the beans recorded by 1910 in a sense of "spoil the situation;" 1919 as "reveal a secret." To cry for spilt milk (usually with negative) is attested from 1738. Related: Spilled; spilt; spilling.
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spill (n.)
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1845, originally "a throw or fall from a horse," from spill (v.). Meaning "the spilling of a liquid, amount of spilled stuff" is from 1848.
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双语例句：
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1. The spill could wipe out the Gulf's turtle population.
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这次原油泄漏可能会使波斯湾的海龟灭绝。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. Utmost care must be taken not to spill any of the contents.
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千万注意里面的东西一点都不能洒出来。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. When the bell rings, more than 1,000 children spill from classrooms.
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当铃声响起时，1,000多名孩子从教室里涌了出来。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. He is prepared to spill the blood of a million people.
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他准备杀掉100万人。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. He was tempted to spill out his problems to Philip.
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他很想把自己的问题透露给菲利普。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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Water had spilled out of the bucket onto the floor.
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桶里的水洒出来了，洒了一地。【牛津词典】
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He startled her and made her spill her drink.
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她让他吓了一跳，把饮料弄洒了。【牛津词典】
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Thousands of gallons of crude oil were spilled into the ocean.
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成千上万加仑的原油泄漏，流进了海洋。【牛津词典】
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The doors opened and people spilled into the street.
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门开了，人们涌上街道。【牛津词典】
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(figurative)Light spilled from the windows.
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灯光从窗口照射出来。【牛津词典】
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Has she been spilling out her troubles to you again?
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她是不是又向你诉苦了？【牛津词典】
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When he started to speak, the words just spilled out.
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他一开口就滔滔不绝。【牛津词典】
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She filled the glass so full that the water spilled over.
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她往杯子里倒水倒得太满，都溢出来了。【牛津词典】
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(figurative)Her emotions suddenly spilled over.
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她突然就控制不住自己的感情了。【牛津词典】
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Unrest has spilt over into areas outside the city.
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骚乱已经波及城市的周边地区。【牛津词典】
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Many seabirds died as a result of the oil spill.
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许多海鸟死于这次石油泄漏。【牛津词典】
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I wiped up the coffee spills on the table.
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我把洒在桌上的咖啡擦掉。【牛津词典】
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to take a spill
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（骑车）摔一跤【牛津词典】
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70,000 tonnes of oil spilled from the tanker...
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7 万吨油从油轮中溢了出来。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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...water behind a dam, getting ready to spill over...
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大坝里的水随时都会溢出来【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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She wiped a spill of milkshake off the counter...
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她把洒出来的奶昔从柜台上擦掉。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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An oil spill could be devastating for wildlife.
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溢出的油对野生动物来说可能是毁灭性的。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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A number of bags had split and were spilling their contents...
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有几只袋子裂开了，里面的东西撒了出来。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He carefully balanced the satchel so that its contents would not spill out onto the floor.
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他仔细地把小背包放好，不让里面的东西掉到地板上。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Tears began to spill out of the boy's eyes...
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男孩的眼泪开始夺眶而出。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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When the bell rings, more than 1,000 children spill from classrooms.
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当铃声响起时，1,000 多名孩子从教室里涌了出来。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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She noticed the light spilling under Brian's door...
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她注意到布莱恩门底下透出的光。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The door swung open again, spilling light into the cell.
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门再次打开了，光照亮了小屋。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He is prepared to spill the blood of a million people...
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他准备杀掉100万人。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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If blood is spilled the countries will be at war.
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如果出现伤亡，这些国家就会进入交战状态。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Well , Bella , looks like you took quite a spill. How do you feel?
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好吧Bella看起来你摔的不轻觉得 怎么样 ?【期刊摘选】
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Waiters should know how to deal with spill.
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侍者应懂得如何处理液体外溢.【期刊摘选】
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U.S. authorities have closed 26 % of federal waters to fishing because of the spill.
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因为原油泄漏,美国官方已经关闭了百分之二十六的联邦水域禁渔.【期刊摘选】
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As our special report in this issue (printed before Mr Jobs's death) explains, innovation used to spill over from military and corporate laboratories to the consumer market, but lately this process has gone into reverse.【出自-2012年12月阅读原文】
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Part of the economic recovery of the UK will be driven by the next generation of research commercialisation spilling out of our universities.【出自-2011年12月阅读原文】
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